Method for determining the Oxygen-to-Metal (O/M) ratio in mixed uranium-plutonium oxide (U,Pu)O2 ± X pellets. The parameters given in the following paragraphs are relevant for pellets within a range of O/M ratio corresponding to 1,98 to 2,01. The method described in the document is adapted, with regard to the parameters, if the expected values of O/M ratio are outside the range.